enrich your vocabulary through reading

[راجية الفردوس]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
In the name of Allah, the most Merciful

It is known that reading helps in improving language so as a way of encouragement to me and you, I will put a part of an article even if it is political , social , etc , then underline 10 words and write their meaning in English and that will happen every now and then , God willing. We were advised to use a dictionary that translates from English to English because one word in English could have different meaning. I'd like to give you that good site which consists of most of the popular English dictionaries for free. When you first open the site, you can enter a word that the site will translate or if you want to search a particular dictionary like Cambridge, you will press on "search dictionaries" and then you will find what you had searched for. "www.onelook.com"

Let's start with this simple passage:

Water pollution is increasingly becoming a large problem that we as humans need to confront. Water is our most valuable resource. Just think of how much we humans are dependent upon clean water. Water is way more valuable than gold, what can you go a day, week, year with out, gold or water? Besides the fact that we drink the water, we use it for irrigation of farm fields, cooking, washing clothes, flushing toilets, etc. and every industrial process requires water to function. Everyone knows that the Earth's surface is covered by 70% water, so why fuss of protecting water? Only 3% of all water is fresh and drinkable and of that 3%, 75% is frozen, which leaves a grand total of only 1% of the Earth's surface water that is readily available for consumption. After taking that fact into account, one can see why the conservation and protection of our remaining water supply is so vital. Before water pollution can be stopped, the sources of the pollution must be known

.

confront: deal with , to see that a problem exists and try to deal *
with it . for example : first , they must confront their addiction

This word has 3 other meaning which are : 1- accuse . 2- to be in a
difficult situation 3- frighten

dependent : influenced by or decided by something for example, The amount of tax you pay is dependent on how much you earn. it also could mean : needing the help of someone or something to exist or continue as before . for example, she's completely dependent on her
parents for money

valuable : is very helpful or important
for example, He was able to provide the police with some valuable information
It has another meaning which is :worth a lot of money

irrigation : to provide water for an area of land so that crops can be
grown

industrial: connected with industry for example, industrial production
industry means: the production of goods in factory
:Another meaning for industrial
with alot of factories

requires : to need or demand something . for example, Training to be a doctor requires a lot of hard work
Another meaning : to officialy demand that someone does something

leaves : the most appropriate meaning that i think to this word is :If something leaves something else, a part or effect of it stays after it has gone or been used. for example ,If I give you £10 that won't leave me enough cash to pay the bill
This word has many other meanings. look in the dictionary

consumption : the amount of something that someone uses, eats , or drinks . for example, China's total energy consumption
Another meaning for the word : when someone uses, eats , or drinks
something

conservation : when you are careful not to waste energy , water, etc
Another meaning for the word : the protection of nature

vital :necessary . for example, Tourism is vital to the country's economy.
Another meaning for the word : formal : full of energy

The dictionary used is Cambridge. Hope that it is useful

[أسـدُ الإسـلام]

:: al salamo 3alaykom wa rahmat allah wa barakatoh ::

Great idea, thanks sister

&

thanks 4 the web site, keep going

[canariood]

Thank you

it's a useful subject

i'm with you that the reading is great way to learn more english words

thank u again>>>>

[راجية الفردوس]

Thanks brothers for replying

The second passage
(political)

Now recovering in Dar Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza, Amira watched as occupation soldiers killed her father, Fathi, and two brothers, Alaa and Esmat, in their home in the Tel Al-Hawa district in southwest Gaza City. Upon hearing the translation of her words, the foreign doctor who was supervising Amira's treatment remarked that her story furnishes proof that the Israeli massacres in Gaza were counterproductive. Israeli violence only made the current generation of Palestinians more determined to resist.
Over 1,400 Palestinians have been killed, including 400 children, and 5,500 injured, maimed and deformed, including 1,900 children. Israel says that 10 soldiers and three civilians were killed.

Recovering: recover: to get back something lost, especially health, ability, possessions, etc
For example: She went into a coma and died without recovering
consciousness

The meaning in Arabic is
دخلت فى غيبوبة ثم ماتت دون استعادة وعيها

Occupation: control: when an army moves into a place and takes control of it.
For example, a military occupation
There is two other meaning for occupation which is:
)job (formal*
(hobby (formal*

District: an area of a country or town which has fixed borders that are used for official purposes, or which has a particular feature that makes it different from surrounding areas.
For example,the fashion district of New York

Supervising:to watch a person or activity to make certain that everything is done correctly, safely, etc.
For example, students must be supervised by a teacher at all times.

Massacres: noun: an act of killing a lot of people.
For example,He ordered the massacre of 2, 000 women and children.
The other meaning of massacres if it is a noun is: INFORMAL a bad
defeat, especially in sport.

Counterproductive: having an effect which is opposite to the one that is intended or desired.
For example, improved safety measures in cars can be counterproductive as they encourage people to drive faster.

Violence: actions or words which are intended to hurt people.
For example, the report documents the staggering amount of domestic violence against women.
Another meaning is: extreme force.
For example, the storm turned out to be one of unexpected violence

Resist:to fight against something or someone that is attacking you. For example, British troops resisted the attack for two days.
Notice: troops means: soldiers on duty in a large group.
Other meanings for resist: 1- avoid. ex. I can't resist chocolate.

Not accept. ex. The president is resisting calls for him to resign.

Injured:hurt or physically harmed
For example,she was told to stay in bed to rest her injured back
Fortunately, no one was seriously injured in the accident

Civilians: someone who is not a member of a military organization or the police.

[pimkie_f]

that's great
thank you so much

[the Assassin]

Hi there...
sorry your topic is repeated
check this out
Vocabulary building
BTW, repeated topics are not allowed
c ya
The assassin
English Team

[راجية الفردوس]

Thanks sister for replying

Hi there...

sorry your topic is repeated
check this out
Vocabulary building
BTW, repeated topics are not allowed
c ya
The assassin
English Team

Thanks , I don't notice it ofcourse but I think it is different than this , it may have the same title but different content. I'll try to change the title in sha2 allah

[اخت فواز]

thank yoy

شكرا جزيلا على المجهود

[راجية الفردوس]

The third passage

Smoking is an expensive habit and it should be banned. Although smokers claim that it helps them to relax and release stress, the negative aspects of the habit outweigh the positive. It is a health hazard for both smokers and non-smokers and it is especially harmful to unborn babies. Cigarettes are also addictive because of the nicotine they contain.

Cigarette smoking causes a number of health problems which are expensive to treat. It is a major cause of respiratory diseases such as asthma, lung cancer and bronchitis. It also leads to heart disease. In spite of the money which the Government receives from taxing cigarettes, the cost of medical treatment for these diseases exceeds this income. As a consequence, non smoking taxpayers are forced to pay for the health costs of smokers. This is a very unfair situation.

Another reason for banning smoking is that cigarette smoke affects the health of non-smokers and unborn babies. Non-smokers often suffer from eye and nose irritations, allergies and headaches as a result of inhaling second-hand smoke. There is also evidence to suggest that passive smoking may cause lung cancer. Smoking during pregnancy can hinder to growth of the fetus and may even result in death.

Finally, the nicotine which is found in cigarettes is highly addictive. Other addictive substances such as cocaine and heroin are illegal. The fact that tobacco remains legal is an anomaly.

Thus, in summary, smoking causes numerous illnesses which are expensive to treat. It disturbs non-smokers and is an unhealthy addiction. Therefore, cigarettes should definitely be banned so as
to make the world a better place for everyone.

Banned:ban: verb, to forbid, especially officially
For example,the film was banned (= the government prevented it from being shown)in several countries

Claim: to say that something is true or is a fact, although you cannot prove it and other people might not believe it.
For example,The Company claims (that) it is not responsible for the pollution in the river.

Stress: great worry caused by a difficult situation, or something which causes this condition:
*People under a lot of stress may experience headaches, minor pains and sleeping difficulties
For example,Yoga is a very effective technique for combating stress

Aspects: one part of a situation, problem, subject, etc:
For example, that's the most worrying aspect of the situation.
Lighting is a vitally important aspect of film-making

Outweigh:to be greater or more important than something else
For example, the benefits of this treatment far outweigh any risks.

Unborn:not yet born; in the mother's womb:
For example,the protection of the unborn child

Addictive: An addictive drug is one which you cannot stop taking once you have started:
For example, Tobacco is highly addictive

Exceeds: to be greater than a number or amount, or to go beyond a permitted limit:
For example, the success of our campaign has exceeded our wildest expectations.

Forced: done against your wishes:
الإعادة القسرية For example, forced repatriation

Unfair: not treating people in an equal way, or not morally right:
For example,an unfair system
It's unfair to blame Roger.

Illegal: against the law; not allowed by law:
For example, a campaign to stop the illegal sale of cigarettes to children under 16

[أسمـــاء]

Thanks
really your topic is so helpful to learn vocabulary
i appreciate your effort
..............

[راجية الفردوس]

Thanks sister for your encourgement

The Forth passage

"I think career women are women who are either single, or who have been 'unlucky' in their marital lives. Either that or they are 'masculine' women." This extraordinary remark was made with great confidence by Soheir, one of the women I met, who is 38years old and married with four children. Though she has a qualification in commerce, she works as a maid in an affluent household where she earns LE1,000 a month. Her husband, on the other hand, has a position in a company in which he earns only LE800 a month.
Soheir says that she would immediately leave her job were her husband able to earn LE2,000. Though she soon qualifies this by saying that she might think about opening a small business, such as a small shop or mini- supermarket, that could help with the family's bills were her husband to be laid off from work, Soheir's views are the "traditional" ones that see a woman's place within the household and not necessarily in the workplace. When she talks about her daughters, for example, Soheir asks, "if they get married and their husbands can support them, why should they work?"
In recent years women in Egypt have been exposed to a veritable tidal wave of feminist discourse, from talk about the "emancipation of women" and the "role of women in the workplace" to the "status of women in society" and "women's rights". The media is full of articles about women, and there have been many television programmes about women and women's achievements. Have women, then, finally broken through the barrier between the sexes and raised a female flag on traditionally male territory? Is this, in any case, what the majority
of today's women want?

marital: connected with marriage
For example, They've been having marital problems, apparently

confidence: the quality of being certain of your abilities or of having
trust in people, plans, or the future:
For example, He's got the confidence to walk into a room of strangers and immediately start a conversation.
I have every/complete confidence in her. She'll be perfect for the job.

qualification: an official record showing that you have finished a
training course or have the necessary skills, etc:
For example, You'll never get a good job if you don't have any qualifications.
Do you have any teaching/legal/medical/secretarial/academic qualifications?

immediately: now or without waiting or thinking:
For example, We really ought to leave immediately

support: 1 to give a person the money they need in order to buy food and clothes and pay for somewhere to live:
For example, He has a wife and four children to support.

feminist discourse: feminist:a person who believes in feminism, often being involved in activities that are intended to achieve change:
For example, All her life she was an ardent feminist.

Note that : feminism means: the belief that women should be allowed
the same rights, power and opportunities as men and be treated in the same way, or the set of activities intended to achieve this state:

discourse: a speech or piece of writing about a particular, usually serious, subject:
For example, a discourse on/upon the nature of life after death
IN Arabic it means: خطاب عن حقيقة الحياة بعد الموت

rights: the claim which a person or animal has to be treated in a fair, morally acceptable or legal way, or to have the things that are necessary for life:
For example, She campaigned for women's rights during the 1960s.
Everyone has a right to education.

achievements: something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:
For example, The Tale of Genji has been described as the greatest achievement of Japanese literature.

barrier: anything that prevents people from being together or understanding each other:
For example, Despite the language barrier (= not speaking the same language), they soon became good friends.

territory: (it is used here in a literal way as if men are enemies having control on a particular land ) : land or sometimes sea, which is considered as belonging to or connected with a particular country or person:
For example, He was shot down in enemy territory

The robin keeps other birds off that part of the garden - that's his territory (= the area he tries to control).

. This pssage is taken from el Ahram Weekly

[zeal]

this topic is very usful
thanks